Lyme Disease in Canada

Several technical, environmental, and climatic factors may influence sampling effectiveness, including temperature, sampling period, and cloth type. Methodological variability across studies limited comparability and hindered the establishment of standardized guidelines. Nevertheless, we can conclude that no single collection method emerged as a gold standard, and that a combination of methods may be required. Based on these findings, we provide evidence-based recommendations for the selection of tick sampling methods based on different objectives, tick genus, life stage, and environmental and climatic factors.